Table 3 The selected hyper-parameter for the classification stage.

From: Explainable hybrid AI CAD framework for advanced prediction of steel surface defects

Model

Batch size

Epochs

Learning rate

Weight decay

F1-Score (%)

EfficientnetB5

64

30

0.001

0.00001

98.8

Resnet101

32

50

0.001

0.0001

98.7

Resnext101 32 × 8d

64

40

0.001

0.000001

98.7

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