Fig. 6 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 6

From: Studying carbon emission effects on ecological welfare performance in Chengdu–Chongqing urban agglomeration using super efficiency network SBM

Fig. 6

Kernel density curves of ecological economic efficiency. This kernel density plot illustrates the dynamic evolution of absolute differences in ecological economic efficiency (Stage 1 of EWP) among CCUA cities. The horizontal axis represents efficiency values, and the vertical axis represents kernel density (reflecting data concentration). The figure shows that density curves first rose then slightly fell, with the main peak reaching its maximum in 2017 and stabilizing afterward. Before 2018, curves exhibited double peaks (indicating low- and high-efficiency clustering); after 2018, double peaks disappeared and curves became single-peaked, meaning polarization in ecological economic efficiency converged due to regional coordinated policies.

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