Table 1 Baseline characteristics of study participants stratified by injury status during follow-up.
Characteristic | Total (n = 312) | Non-injured (n = 223) | Injured (n = 89) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographics | ||||
Age (years) | 24.7 ± 4.2 | 24.5 ± 4.1 | 25.2 ± 4.4 | 0.184 |
Height (cm) | 181.4 ± 6.7 | 181.2 ± 6.6 | 181.9 ± 6.9 | 0.412 |
Body mass (kg) | 78.2 ± 7.9 | 77.8 ± 7.7 | 79.1 ± 8.3 | 0.196 |
BMI (kg/m²) | 23.7 ± 1.8 | 23.6 ± 1.7 | 23.9 ± 1.9 | 0.169 |
Playing experience (years) | 6.3 ± 3.8 | 6.1 ± 3.7 | 6.8 ± 4.0 | 0.142 |
Playing Position, n (%) | 0.328 | |||
Defender | 98 (31.4) | 73 (32.7) | 25 (28.1) | |
Midfielder | 120 (38.5) | 82 (36.8) | 38 (42.7) | |
Forward | 75 (24.0) | 55 (24.7) | 20 (22.5) | |
Goalkeeper | 19 (6.1) | 13 (5.8) | 6 (6.7) | |
Strength Asymmetry (%) | ||||
Knee extensors | 9.6 ± 4.8 | 8.1 ± 3.9 | 12.4 ± 5.2 | < 0.001 |
Knee flexors | 10.8 ± 5.3 | 9.3 ± 4.5 | 14.7 ± 5.8 | < 0.001 |
Hip adductors | 8.4 ± 3.7 | 7.9 ± 3.4 | 9.6 ± 4.1 | 0.008 |
Hip abductors | 7.2 ± 3.2 | 6.8 ± 3.0 | 8.1 ± 3.5 | 0.014 |
H: Q Ratio (%) | ||||
At 60°/s | 61.4 ± 7.8 | 63.1 ± 7.2 | 58.2 ± 7.9 | 0.002 |
At 180°/s | 68.7 ± 8.4 | 69.8 ± 8.1 | 66.3 ± 8.7 | 0.011 |
Training Load | ||||
Weekly hours | 17.4 ± 3.1 | 16.9 ± 2.8 | 18.6 ± 3.2 | 0.003 |
ACWR (4 weeks) | 1.24 ± 0.28 | 1.18 ± 0.24 | 1.42 ± 0.31 | < 0.001 |
Load variability (CV%) | 23.6 ± 6.8 | 21.2 ± 5.4 | 28.4 ± 7.2 | 0.006 |
Injury History, n (%) | ||||
Previous LE injury | 145 (46.5) | 85 (38.1) | 60 (67.4) | < 0.001 |
Multiple injuries (≥ 2) | 68 (21.8) | 32 (14.3) | 36 (40.4) | < 0.001 |
