Table 4 Optimal parameters of three PV cell models (SDM, DDM, and TDM) based on RTC France reference cell, and PVM parameters for the Photowatt-PWP201.

From: Parameter extraction of photovoltaic cell/module models using starfish optimization algorithm with a secant-based objective function modification

 

SFOA

ECO

HO

OOA

ZOA

SFOA-Secant

ECO-Secant

HO-Secant

OOA-Secant

ZOA-Secant

SDM

     

 \(I_{ph}\)(A)

0.76078

0.76073

0.76064

0.76207

0.76052

0.76079

0.76082

0.76049

0.76488

0.76061

 \(I_{sd}\) (\(\mu\)A)

0.32302

0.35435

0.27179

0.79519

0.30062

0.31039

0.29814

0.39037

0.22756

0.3168

 \(R_{sh}\) (\(\Omega\))

53.7184

56.3764

51.9534

68.3279

55.3669

52.9648

51.8991

62.3637

57.206

56.4129

 \(R_{s}\) (\(\Omega\))

0.036377

0.036006

0.037101

0.032865

0.036714

0.036553

0.036724

0.035612

0.041722

0.036585

 n

1.4812

1.4906

1.4639

1.5779

1.4739

1.4772

1.4731

1.5005

1.4459

1.4792

 RMSE

\(9.8602\times 10^{-4}\)

\(1.0017\times 10^{-3}\)

\(1.0504\times 10^{-3}\)

\(2.3384\times 10^{-3}\)

\(1.0137\times 10^{-3}\)

\(7.6579\times 10^{-4}\)

\(7.6841\times 10^{-4}\)

\(8.6480\times 10^{-4}\)

\(4.9989\times 10^{-3}\)

\(7.8396\times 10^{-4}\)

DDM

 \(I_{ph}\)(A)

0.760790

0.759770

0.761350

0.736970

0.761150

0.760830

0.760750

0.761190

0.791450

0.760860

 \(I_{sd1}\) (\(\mu\)A)

0.373630

0.071649

0.585210

0.854700

0.278570

0.187210

0.318150

0.126580

0.642170

0.208560

 \(I_{sd2}\) (\(\mu\)A)

0.271510

0.440680

0.169750

0.196520

0.196900

0.996220

0.267270

0.455080

0.965250

0.440740

 \(R_{sh}\) (\(\Omega\))

54.479500

92.118600

45.177900

58.899000

49.559600

54.681700

54.089900

47.259800

12.189500

56.308800

 \(R_{s}\) (\(\Omega\))

0.036555

0.035200

0.037444

0.036382

0.036542

0.037082

0.036714

0.037566

0.039587

0.036661

 \(n_1\)

1.997700

1.859900

1.904200

1.707900

1.702700

1.434700

1.998900

1.407200

1.579900

1.448500

 \(n_2\)

1.466400

1.514000

1.425800

1.486700

1.446000

2.000000

1.464500

1.746100

1.832100

1.799400

 RMSE

\(9.8346\times 10^{-4}\)

\(1.3697\times 10^{-3}\)

\(1.1097\times 10^{-3}\)

\(2.4222\times 10^{-2}\)

\(1.0235\times 10^{-3}\)

\(7.4192\times 10^{-4}\)

\(7.5727\times 10^{-4}\)

\(8.1849\times 10^{-4}\)

\(2.0863\times 10^{-2}\)

\(8.0037\times 10^{-4}\)

TDM

 \(I_{ph}\)(A)

0.76077

0.76065

0.76031

0.76746

0.7607

0.76085

0.76058

0.76097

0.78249

0.76072

 \(I_{sd1}\) (\(\mu\) A)

0.0043821

0.31689

0.73845

0.79243

0.35674

0.090904

0.93996

0.42128

0.43867

0.32592

 \(I_{sd2}\) (\(\mu\)A)

0.30437

0.1

0.10568

0.2784

0.18025

0.95898

0.24448

0.034704

0.43479

0.32714

 \(I_{sd3}\) (\(\mu\)A)

1

0.99067

0.27352

0.29601

0.44456

0.92695

0.98737

\(3.38\times 10^{-5}\)

0.32901

0.79995

 \(R_{sh}\) (\(\Omega\))

54.4258

55.995

66.023

41.335

52.8921

55.8943

63.6227

55.9845

35.6222

64.1659

 \(R_{s}\) (\(\Omega\))

0.036472

0.036265

0.0371

0.032955

0.037494

0.038114

0.0361

0.03503

0.039877

0.035866

 \(n_1\)

2

1.4802

1.7654

1.7252

1.8137

1.3762

1.9902

1.5089

1.5551

1.4852

 \(n_2\)

1.4757

1.9403

1.3978

1.5034

1.4318

1.9674

1.4603

1.9403

1.6355

1.9967

 \(n_3\)

2.6576

4.6524

2.5093

3.1298

3.4027

2.008

4.6782

2.0347

2.7947

2.4205

 RMSE

\(9.8228\times 10^{-4}\)

\(9.8997\times 10^{-4}\)

\(1.0461\times 10^{-3}\)

\(4.3137\times 10^{-3}\)

\(1.0584\times 10^{-3}\)

\(7.3218\times 10^{-4}\)

\(8.3668\times 10^{-4}\)

\(9.5551\times 10^{-4}\)

\(1.5493\times 10^{-2}\)

\(9.2952\times 10^{-4}\)

PVM

 \(I_{ph}\)(A)

1.0294

1.0241

1.0183

0.55027

1.0297

1.0314

1.0313

1.0284

0.90697

1.0215

 \(I_{sd}\) (\(\mu\)A)

4.0479

3.4115

2.4511

0.20772

6.1573

2.6276

2.7394

2.9996

0.00051304

1.3294

 \(R_{sh}\) (\(\Omega\))

35.0831

975.7735

253.6792

550.5105

42.356

22.8261

23.5141

34.8845

342.7705

149.6894

 \(R_{s}\) (\(\Omega\))

0.032981

0.034037

0.0349

0.025977

0.031502

0.034341

0.03421

0.034131

0.0005111

0.037522

 n

1.3673

1.3479

1.3139

1.1652

1.4149

49.4484

49.6081

49.9476

30.3078

46.9245

 RMSE

\(2.4679\times 10^{-3}\)

\(3.9275\times 10^{-3}\)

\(4.9871\times 10^{-3}\)

\(3.4675\times 10^{-1}\)

\(2.9992\times 10^{-3}\)

\(2.0489\times 10^{-3}\)

\(2.0507\times 10^{-3}\)

\(2.1995\times 10^{-3}\)

\(1.9808\times 10^{-1}\)

\(4.6287\times 10^{-3}\)

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