Table 2 Summary of properties of biocompatible autonomic self-healing hydrogels.

From: Biocompatible autonomous self-healing PVA-CS/TA hydrogels based on hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction

Type of hydrogel

Tensile strength

Self-healed time

Self-healing efficiency

Ref

PVA-CS/TA

447 kPa

2 h

84%

This paper

PVA

278 kPa

48 h

72%

8

PVA-TA

224 kPa

2 h

87%

34

Zr-NC gel

195 kPa

12 h

75%

46

PVA/PAM-PAA

160 kPa

12 h

37%

26

CNF-PPy/PB

63 kPa

20 s

97%

47

PNIPAM-PAM-clay

60 kPa

150 h

90%

18

β-CD-AOI2-A-TEG-Ad

28 kPa

1 h

63%

25

Agarose/PVA

25 kPa

10 s

100%

21

DF-PEG

23 kPa

24 h

100%

20

PDA-PGO-PAM

21 kPa

24 h

62%

22

PDA-talc-PAM

8.5 kPa

2 h

60%

3

PDA-PAM

8 kPa

2 h

98%

19