Table 9 Transformer-augmented recurrent neural network (TARNN) temporal pattern detection.

From: Design of an integrated model with temporal graph attention and transformer-augmented RNNs for enhanced anomaly detection

Time (s)

LSTM hidden state

Transformer attention weight

Combined temporal score

Anomaly indicator

0–10

0.54

0.70

0.65

Normal

10–20

0.60

0.80

0.75

Normal

20–30

0.75

0.85

0.80

Anomalous

30–40

0.45

0.65

0.55

Normal

40–50

0.50

0.75

0.68

Normal

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