Fig. 6

Causal associations between SHMT1 protein and hyperaldosteronism in Two-Sample MR and SMR analyses. The blue background represents MR results using data from different sources (Zheng J et al., Ferkingstad E et al., and Sun BB et al.), with methods like wald ratio and inverse variance weighting. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) indicate each association, with OR > 1 implying increased risk and OR < 1 indicating a protective effect. The P_MR column shows significance, while “steiger_dir” indicates causal direction consistency (TRUE if consistent). The beige background represents SMR results from Ferkingstad E et al. and Sun BB et al., showing ORs, CIs, P_SMR for significance, and P_HEIDI for horizontal pleiotropy.