Fig. 7

Results of Gene ontology and pathway enrichment analysis. (a) Top 30 Gene Ontology (GO) terms enriched for the target genes, categorized into three types: biological process (BP, red), molecular function (MF, green), and cellular component (CC, blue). Each bar represents the -log10(p-value) for a specific GO term, with longer bars indicating greater significance. Key processes include nucleotide metabolism and cellular assembly. (b) Pathway enrichment analysis using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database, displaying pathways with significant gene involvement, ranked by -log10(p-value). Higher fold enrichment is indicated by darker colors. Key pathways include “One carbon pool by folate,” “Antifolate resistance,” and amino acid metabolism, suggesting roles in metabolic and disease-related processes.