Fig. 2

Hypothesized model (upper part) and results from final path analysis (lower part) of the relationships between basic psychological needs (competence and relatedness), coping strategies (problem-focused and emotion-focused), and cognitive appraisals (challenge) on excitement, happiness, and psychobiosocial experiences (PBSE). Note: Only significant paths are presented. All standardized values (β) are significant at p < .05 (95% CI are in square brackets).