Figure 3
(a) Body of revolution method to determine the volume of the liquid inclusion. \(\delta y\) has the thickness of one pixel and is therefore limited by the camera resolution. Red arrows show the position of the measured neck width, close to the meniscus. (b) Equivalent spherical radius decrease of a liquid inclusion in three experiments in a vial with an inner radius of 7.35 mm. The red symbols are from an experiment in which the glass container fractured at 885 seconds. Dotted vertical lines depict the time at which the meniscus freezes, closing off a route for water to escape. The discontinuity in the red data at \(\sim\) t = 885 sec, is the moment of glass fracture. The unbroken vials show a continuous radius decrease in time (blue and green curves). The inset zooms in on this moment on double logarithmic scale. Herein, the x-axis is inverted (translated to \(t_0 - t\), with \(t_0\) the moment no more liquid is observed) to investigate the propagation rate of the ice front. Vials that did not fracture follow the expected relation (\(r \sim \sqrt{t_0-t}\)) for diffusion limited freezing of a liquid pocket. The red data, representing a vial that fractured, deviates from this relation and shows a clear discontinuity at the moment of fracture. (c) Decrease in neck width of three hydrophilically (dots) and hydrophobically (triangles) treated recipients. In hydrophobic bottles, the meniscus freezes at a later stage, although the velocity (\(\sim 0.017\) mm/s) remains similar, as indicated by the fit of the slopes with the black dashed lines.
