Table 2 Parameters of models predicting change scores in structural indices of field margins grouped according to the presence of a functional component: road, ditch, railway line or balk.

From: Changes in structural composition of field margins and related landscape homogenization following EU accession of Poland

Change score

Intercept

Road (27)

Ditch (51)

Railway (6)

Balk (5)

Initial value

Adjusted R2

F-statistic

p-value

Trees length

6.18

 − 3.63

3.36

 − 0.91

24.64

 − 0.01

 − 0.050

0.395

0.850

Tree height

6.65***

 − 1.64*

 − 1.2

6.74**

 − 4.24**

 − 0.31**

0.317

4.895

0.002

Tree width

0.15

 − 0.55

 − 1.66

7.39

 − 2.42

0.26

0.000

0.999

0.432

Tree volume

 − 1890.32

 − 2951.47

 − 1368.76

3699.56

949.55

138.79***

0.228

5.087

 < 0.001

Tree species richness

0.55

 − 0.03

0.37

 − 0.05

1.14

 − 0.63**

0.100

2.536

0.037

Tree individuals

 − 5.6

0.44

1.71

4.98

5.68

3.41***

0.226

5.022

 < 0.001

Shrub length

2.84

 − 26.89

39.94

154.42***

82.69

 − 0.21**

0.251

5.633

 < 0.001

Shrub height

1.49

 − 0.32

 − 1.28*

 − 0.44

 − 0.05

 − 0.17

0.062

1.840

0.119

Shrub width

1

 − 0.02

 − 0.87

2.71

2.3

 − 0.18

0.101

2.436

0.045

Shrub volume

6415.53

 − 2472.6

 − 7135.12

1702.67

 − 706.55

 − 0.03

 − 0.013

0.823

0.538

Shrub species richness

1.89

 − 1.15

1.81

2.94

2.5

 − 0.25**

0.205

4.552

0.001

Woody species richness

1.55

 − 1.19

2.01

2.95*

2.67

 − 0.23**

0.240

5.368

 < 0.001

Woody plant volume

6823.85

 − 7770.9

 − 9031.3

2091.4

 − 2122.32

0.36***

0.137

3.198

0.012

Margin width

 − 2.89**

1.2

1.58*

2.32*

2.38

 − 0.02

0.043

1.621

0.167

Number of gaps

3.24

 − 1.55

9.2

1.96

 − 1.99

 − 0.36*

0.174

3.906

0.004

Patch length

 − 2.98

 − 28.34

43.44

153.93***

82.75

 − 0.19**

0.261

5.879

 < 0.001

Covered area

9.83

 − 8.59

 − 1.25

17.24

23

 − 0.15

0.152

3.477

0.008

Number of parcels

1.56*

0.72

0.49

0.08

0.97

 − 0.60***

0.683

30.720

 < 0.001

  1. Numbers in brackets indicate the number of field margins containing a given functional component. Each row corresponds to an individual model. Change scores (predicted variables) refer to differences between 2021 and 2004–2006. The initial value refer to the measurement of a structural index in 2004–2006. Statistical significance: *—p ≤ 0.05, **—p ≤ 0.01, ***—p ≤ 0.001.
  2. Significant values are in [bold].
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