Fig. 1

The dynamic culture system facilitates the growth of organoids. (a) The organoids were divided into Dome and Flow groups; the medium flow speed was 2 mL/min in the Flow group. (b) Diameter changes of organoids cultured for 15 days in Dome group and Flow group. (c) Representative microscopic pictures of organoids cultured for 15 days in Dome group and Flow group. Scale bar: 100 μm. (d) The relative cell viability of organoids cultured in Dome group and Flow group on day 15. (e) Histological and immunohistochemical images showing the organization structure and status of breast cancer-related markers (Ki67, CK7, E-cadherin, GATA3, Her-2, ER, PR) in primary tumors and organoids cultured in Dome group and Flow group for 15d. Scale bar: 50 μm. The results are expressed as the mean ± SD. Statistical significance is indicated as follows: n.s. for P ≥ 0.05 (not significant), * for P < 0.05, ** for P < 0.01, and *** for P < 0.001.