Table 2 Situation of four major traditional wine grape producing areas in Xinjiang.
From: Climatic zoning of Xinjiang for heterogeneous production of high-quality wine
Producing area | Basic situation | Climatic conditions | Main planting varieties | Representative wine enterprises and vineyards |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Yanqi Basin | Located at the southern foot of Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang, 41°–43° N, including Korla City, Yanqi, and the surrounding areas of Heshuo. Heshuo County and Yanqi County are typical representatives of this producing area | The area has a warm temperate continental arid climate, with the frost-free period of 180–210d, annual sunshine hours of 2800–3500 h, annual average temperature of 8–12 ℃ and precipitation of 40–90 mm | Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Cabernet Franc, Marselan, Chardonnay, Riesling, etc. | Tiansai Vineyards, Xiangdu Winery, Xinjiang Aroma Manor Wine Corp., Ltd, etc. |
Northern slope of Tianshan Mountains | Located at 43–45° N and in the same latitude zone as Bordeaux, France. The middle section of the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains on the southern edge of Junggar Basin in Xinjiang includes Changji, Hutubi, Urumqi, Miquan, Fukang, Manas, Shihezi, Wusu, Karamay, etc | The area has a temperate continental arid climate, with large diurnal temperature difference, snow cover in winter, the frost-free period of 150–185d, annual sunshine hours of 2650–3200 h, annual precipitation of 120–210 mm and annual average temperature of 6–8 ℃ | Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Marselan, Chardonnay, etc. | CITIC Guoan Wine, Changyu Chateau, Chateau Sandy Land, etc. |
Ili River Valley | located at 42°–44° N, at the west end of Tianshan Mountains, and in the Ili River Valley between the northern and southern Tianshan Mountains, including Yining City, the Ili River Valley and surrounding areas | The area has a temperate continental monsoon climate, with the frost-free period of 150–180d, annual sunshine hours of 2000–2800 h, annual average temperature of 8–10 ℃ and annual precipitation of 200–400 mm, bringing good climatic conditions for the production of white wine and ice wine | Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay, Riesling, etc. | CITIC Guoan Wine, Yizhu Wine, etc. |
Turpan-Hami Basin | Located at 41°–44° N, including Turpan, Hami, Shanshan and Tuokexun and other areas. Most of the area is Gobi gravelly soil | The area has a temperate continental desert climate featured with dry and hot summer, windy spring and dry winter with less snow, with the annual sunshine hours of 2900–3500 h, the AAT of 4000–5400 ℃ d, and the frost-free period of 190–240 days | Cabernet Sauvignon, Saperavi, etc. | Chateau Loulan, Turpan Camel Wine, etc. |
