Table 2 Effects of different tillage and fertilizer types on yields and its components of maize.

From: Effects of combined application of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer and urea on nitrogen uptake, utilization and yield of maize under two tillage methods

Year

Treatment

Ear length (cm)

Bald ear length (cm)

Kernel number

ear row

hundred-

grain

weight(g)

Yield

(kg hm−2)

2022

R-CK

17.42 ± 0.19e

1.29 ± 0.06a

538.58 ± 7.32d

37.25 ± 0.24e

9380.39 ± 120.44f.

R-U

18.96 ± 0.15d

1.17 ± 0.06ab

571.11 ± 8.58c

39.63 ± 0.29d

11,579.21 ± 176.06e

R-S

19.35 ± 0.13 cd

1.03 ± 0.08bc

593.68 ± 5.25c

40.63 ± 0.26c

12,834.44 ± 191.84d

R-UNS1

19.7 ± 0.14bc

0.85 ± 0.04 cd

594.83 ± 5.4c

41.96 ± 0.32b

13,515.26 ± 143.06c

R-UNS2

20.86 ± 0.17a

0.47 ± 0.06e

647.95 ± 8.58a

44.46 ± 0.31a

14,712.78 ± 125.73a

R-UNS3

20.07 ± 0.2b

0.68 ± 0.03d

621.56 ± 6.57b

42.88 ± 0.25b

14,126.07 ± 149.22b

R + S-CK

17.81 ± 0.13e

1.26 ± 0.07a

542.16 ± 10.52d

38.01 ± 0.35e

9861.2 ± 106.55e

R + S-U

18.75 ± 0.09d

1.21 ± 0.05a

567.03 ± 5.65 cd

39.38 ± 0.31d

11,084.3 ± 153.95d

R + S–S

19.23 ± 0.12 cd

1.12 ± 0.03ab

575.98 ± 7.94bc

40.5 ± 0.37c

12,329.21 ± 196.31c

R + S-UNS1

19.57 ± 0.16bc

0.97 ± 0.06bc

588.91 ± 8.89bc

41.23 ± 0.22bc

13,198.07 ± 155.42b

R + S-UNS2

20.6 ± 0.18a

0.61 ± 0.03d

635.09 ± 9.5a

44.13 ± 0.12a

14,138.3 ± 146.59a

R + S-UNS3

20.02 ± 0.14b

0.82 ± 0.04c

603.66 ± 7.79b

42.13 ± 0.27b

13,735.86 ± 134.01a

Significant level(F value)

Tillage(T)

ns

*

ns

ns

**

Fertilization(F)

**

**

**

**

**

T × F

ns

ns

ns

ns

*

2023

R-CK

17.34 ± 0.08d

1.68 ± 0.09a

527.96 ± 8.6d

35.88 ± 0.33d

9201.24 ± 121.29e

R-U

18.34 ± 0.17c

1.47 ± 0.07b

548.28 ± 5.85 cd

39.23 ± 0.22c

10,892.03 ± 144.98d

R-S

18.775 ± 0.08c

1.41 ± 0.04bc

556.02 ± 6.44bcd

40.12 ± 0.28bc

11,708.27 ± 174.17c

R-UNS1

19.4 ± 0.14b

1.21 ± 0.05bc

580.62 ± 8.4b

41.03 ± 0.27b

12,637.85 ± 210.8b

R-UNS2

20.1 ± 0.16a

0.87 ± 0.03d

617.19 ± 10.42a

43.33 ± 0.31a

13,602.98 ± 161.93a

R-UNS3

19.28 ± 0.19b

1.25 ± 0.06c

571.26 ± 8.35bc

40.88 ± 0.35b

12,429.2 ± 198.65b

R + S-CK

17.36 ± 0.105e

1.73 ± 0.12a

521.84 ± 4.39d

35.49 ± 0.36e

9101.04 ± 109.89e

R + S-U

18.08 ± 0.07d

1.48 ± 0.1ab

542.31 ± 7.2d

39.03 ± 0.32d

10,588.89 ± 158.94d

R + S–S

19.04 ± 0.195c

1.26 ± 0.09bc

572 ± 6.9c

40.24 ± 0.21c

12,030.2 ± 188.75c

R + S-UNS1

19.49 ± 0.16c

1.14 ± 0.03c

585.22 ± 7.22bc

41.14 ± 0.31bc

12,849.21 ± 113.16b

R + S-UNS2

20.46 ± 0.11a

0.75 ± 0.04d

625.9 ± 9.83a

43.58 ± 0.42a

13,901.88 ± 154.68a

R + S-UNS3

19.96 ± 0.12b

1.03 ± 0.04c

598.24 ± 7.32b

42.01 ± 0.33b

13,347.81 ± 128.61b

Significant level(F value)

Tillage(T)

*

*

ns

ns

*

Fertilization(F)

**

**

**

**

**

T × F

ns

ns

ns

ns

*

  1. R: rotary tillage; R + S: rotary tillage + subsoiling; CK: no fertilization; U: 300 kg hm−2 urea, 0 kg hm−2 slow-release nitrogen fertilizer; S: 0 kg hm−2 urea, 530.7 kg hm−2 slow-release nitrogen fertilizer; UNS1: 60 kg hm−2 urea, 424.6 kg hm−2 slow-release nitrogen fertilizer; UNS2: 90 kg hm−2urea, 371.5 kg hm−2 slow-release nitrogen fertilizer; UNS3: 120 kg hm−2 urea, 318.4 kg hm−2 slow-release nitrogen fertilizer; Different alphabets indicate the significance within the same year at 5% level by LSD test. ns, not significant, (p  > 0.05).* Significant at p  < 0.05. ** Significant at p < 0.01.
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