Table 2 Summary of three HBV WGS pipelines, comparing time, cost and outputs.

From: Whole genome sequencing of hepatitis B virus using tiled amplicon (HEPTILE) and probe based enrichment on Illumina and Nanopore platforms

 

Capture—Illumina

HEP-TILE—Nanopore

HEP-TILE—Illumina

Time required for enrichment

and library prep

1.5 days

(capture overnight)

1.5 days

(PCR overnight)

1.5 days

(PCR overnight)

Sensitivity (HBV DNA VL)

for generating HBV WGS

> 5.5 log10 IU/ml

> 1.5 log10 IU/ml

> 1.5 log10 IU/ml

Consensus sequence accuracy*

100%

100%

99.98%

Cost per sample**

(enrichment & library prep reagents)

£29

£17

£25

Cost per sample*** (sequencing)

£25

E.g.multiplexed on partial lane

on Novaseq X, 1 million reads per sample

£5.60

E.g. 96 samples multiplexed per flow cell,

bulk purchasing 12 flow cells, 100,000 reads per sample

£2.50

E.g. multiplexed on partial lane

on Novaseq X, 100,000 reads per sample

Throughput

Platform dependent e.g.

Miseq vs. Novaseq X

Platform dependent e.g.

Minion vs. Promethion

Platform dependent e.g.

Miseq vs. Novaseq X

Portability

No

Yes with MinION

No

  1. All costs are based on cost of reagents in the UK in 2024 (GBP) and do not include staff or equipment costs.
  2. *based on sequencing of mock samples with known sequence.
  3. ** reagent costs for enrichment and library prep reagents calculated in GBP for first 1000 samples. Cost excludes extraction and QC (Qubit/Bioanalyser reagents).
  4. *** NB price extremely variable - depends on platform used and whether performing in-house or outsourcing commercially. Excludes hardware (i.e. Laptop/MinION for Nanopore, and Novaseq/Miseq for Illumina).