Scientific Reports

Table 2 Comparative analysis of predicting different feature combinations under different machine learning algorithms.

From: A machine learning model the prediction of athlete engagement based on cohesion, passion and mental toughness

		Lr	Gbr	Dtr	Rfr	Knnr	Svr
MT + Co	R²	0.8984	0.8468	0.8357	0.8626	0.8604	0.9031
	RMSE	0.1416	0.1739	0.1801	0.1647	0.166	0.1383
	MSE	0.0201	0.0302	0.0324	0.0271	0.0276	0.0191
	MAE	0.0609	0.0936	0.095	0.0808	0.0914	0.0753
MT + Pa	R²	0.9085	0.883	0.8617	0.8895	0.8866	0.8963
	RMSE	0.1344	0.1519	0.1652	0.1477	0.1496	0.1431
	MSE	0.1807	0.0231	0.0273	0.0218	0.0224	0.0205
	MAE	0.0629	0.0757	0.0801	0.0696	0.089	0.0784
Co + Pa	R²	0.4453	0.2538	-0.3847	0.2206	0.3416	0.4033
	RMSE	0.3309	0.3838	0.5228	0.3922	0.3605	0.3432
	MSE	0.1095	0.1473	0.2733	0.1538	0.13	0.1178
	MAE	0.2482	0.2792	0.384	0.2853	0.2594	0.2445
MT + Co + Pa + SS	R²	0.9119	0.8694	0.819	0.8761	0.8352	0.9022
	RMSE	0.1319	0.1605	0.189	0.1564	0.1804	0.134
	MSE	0.0174	0.0258	0.0357	0.0244	0.0325	0.0193
	MAE	0.0638	0.083	0.0814	0.0718	0.1274	0.084
MT + Co + Pa + PC	R²	0.9098	0.8918	0.8196	0.8727	0.8488	0.8895
	RMSE	0.1334	0.1462	0.1887	0.1569	0.1728	0.1477
	MSE	0.0178	0.0214	0.0356	0.0246	0.0299	0.0218
	MAE	0.0624	0.0799	0.0801	0.0725	0.1185	0.0872
MT + Co + Pa + SS + PC	R²	0.9114	0.8757	0.8598	0.8721	0.7915	0.8888
	RMSE	0.1322	0.1566	0.1663	0.1589	0.2029	0.1482
	MSE	0.0175	0.0245	0.0277	0.0253	0.0411	0.022
	MAE	0.0639	0.0853	0.0821	0.0732	0.161	0.09
MT + Co + Pa	R²	0.9103	0.8839	0.8556	0.8809	0.8486	0.9117
	RMSE	0.1331	0.1514	0.1688	0.1533	0.1729	0.132
	MSE	0.0177	0.0229	0.0285	0.0235	0.0299	0.0174
	MAE	0.0618	0.08	0.0834	0.0725	0.104	0.074

Note: Mental toughness (MT), cohesion (Co), passion (Pa), sports satisfaction (SS), and psychological collectivism (PC).

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