Table 2 Detection layer feature map information.

From: YOLO-BS: a traffic sign detection algorithm based on YOLOv8

Detection layer

Feature map dimensions

Receptive field

Detect object size

P2

160 × 160

Small

Very small

P3

80 × 80

Medium

Small

P4

40 × 40

Large

Medium

P5

20 × 20

Larger

Large