Table 1 WSN simulation parameters.

From: Network lifetime improvement in wireless sensor networks using energy-efficient bat-moth flame optimization technique

Parameter

Value

Deployment area

1000 × 1000 m2

Number of sensor nodes

50–500

Radius of relay nodes

30–50 m

Initial energy of Relay nodes

100 J

Initial energy of Sensor nodes

8 J

Packet size

100–1000 bits

Etrans

50 × 10− 9 J/bit

Erec

50 × 10− 9 J/bit

Efs

100 pJ/bit

Emp

0.00013 pJ/bits