Fig. 4

Treatment with KDM5-C70 induced significant alterations in various lipids, with pronounced changes in phospholipids. (A) OPLS-DA score plot demonstrating separation between the control and KDM5-C70 groups. (B) S-plot derived from the OPLS-DA model indicating the highly correlated putative lipids. Lipids with a VIP score greater than 1.0 are in the blue region, whereas biomarkers are indexed by a red symbol. Table S12 shows the statistical analysis results of lipids in the blue region. (C–J) Normalized intensity of lipid biomarkers: (C) PE 36:4, (D) PE 40:5, (E) PE 40:6, (F) PlsPE 38:6, (G) PlsPE 40:6, (H) PC 38:4, (I) PlsPC 38:3, and (J) PlsPC 38:4. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001 (Student’s t-test).