Table 12 Parameters utilized in the helical coil spring design challenge.

From: An efficient multi-objective parrot optimizer for global and engineering optimization problems

Parameter name

Abbreviation

Value

Max. load

\(F_{max}\)

3200 N

Max. shear-stress (allowable)

S

1303 MPa

Max. free length

\(l_{max}\)

315 mm

Min. wire-diameter

\(d_{min}\)

10 mm

Max. outside spring diameter

\(d_{max}\)

88 mm

Compression force (preload)

\(F_p\)

1334 N

Max. allowable deflection

\(\delta _{pm}\)

152 mm

Deflection

\(\delta _{w}\)

32 mm

Shear-modulus

G

81370 MPa