Table 13 The findings of the MO methods over helical coil spring challenge for automotive application.
From: An efficient multi-objective parrot optimizer for global and engineering optimization problems
Method | Challenge design objectives | Challenge design parameters | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Volume(mm3) | Strain energy | d (mm) | D (mm) | Na | |
MOPSO | 4.11E+07 | 2.27E+09 | 2.994 | 20.0 | 10.50 |
4.39E+07 | 2.19E+09 | 2.966 | 20.0 | 10.50 | |
4.68E+07 | 2.12E+09 | 2.940 | 20.0 | 10.50 | |
NSGA-II | 1.50E+07 | 1.61E+10 | 4.302 | 20.7 | 16.00 |
1.50E+07 | 1.60E+10 | 4.273 | 20.9 | 16.00 | |
1.51E+07 | 1.56E+10 | 4.244 | 20.9 | 15.95 | |
MOGWO | 2.24E+07 | 3.33E+09 | 3.306 | 20.0 | 10.50 |
2.62E+07 | 2.97E+09 | 3.210 | 20.0 | 10.50 | |
2.88E+07 | 2.78E+09 | 3.159 | 20.0 | 10.50 | |
MOWOA | 1.48E+07 | 1.30E+10 | 4.192 | 20.0 | 16.00 |
1.48E+07 | 1.24E+10 | 4.143 | 20.0 | 16.00 | |
1.49E+07 | 1.23E+10 | 4.136 | 20.0 | 15.98 | |
MOSMA | 1.50E+07 | 1.16E+10 | 4.156 | 20.0 | 15.99 |
1.48E+07 | 1.25E+10 | 4.147 | 20.0 | 15.98 | |
1.50E+07 | 1.16E+10 | 4.100 | 20.0 | 15.55 | |
IMOMRFO | 1.50E+07 | 1.16E+10 | 4.089 | 20.0 | 15.69 |
1.56E+07 | 8.82E+09 | 3.939 | 20.0 | 13.87 | |
1.59E+07 | 7.60E+09 | 3.849 | 20.0 | 13.11 | |
MOGTO | 2.24E+07 | 3.33E+09 | 3.306 | 20.0 | 10.50 |
2.62E+07 | 2.97E+09 | 3.210 | 20.0 | 10.50 | |
2.88E+07 | 2.78E+09 | 3.159 | 20.0 | 10.50 | |
MOPO | 1.48E+07 | 1.25E+10 | 4.145 | 20.0 | 16.00 |
1.49E+07 | 1.22E+10 | 4.124 | 20.0 | 16.00 | |
1.53E+07 | 1.11E+10 | 4.030 | 20.0 | 16.00 | |
