Scientific Reports

Table 5 Descriptive statistics of independent variables selected for the ordered probit models.

From: The internal and external cost of motor vehicle crashes

	Single-vehicle crashes								Multi-vehicle crashes
	Primary arterial (n=38,703)		Minor arterial (n=29,303)		Collector (n=10,145)		Local roads (n=5,884)		Primary arterial (n=124,986)		Minor arterial (n=194,537)		Collector (n=62,712)		Local roads (n=32,770)
	Mean	S.D.	Mean	S.D.	Mean	S.D.	Mean	S.D.	Mean	S.D.	Mean	S.D.	Mean	S.D.	Mean	S.D.
Q	51,944	47,362	11,518	17,148	8,336	21,168	10,611	22,481	57,983	53,665	14,815	18,785	10,573	23,029	10,940	22,259
L	1.130	1.334	1.149	1.126	0.762	0.682	0.812	1.187	0.822	0.866	0.587	0.552	0.464	0.398	0.619	0.898
V	87.427	20.471	63.201	20.071	53.777	16.522	50.997	14.664	80.850	21.722	51.596	17.032	46.494	14.254	47.319	14.589
V_Var	33.748	17.666	25.197	10.981	23.022	10.993	23.028	12.018	35.200	17.885	27.014	11.444	23.955	12.748	23.378	12.534
U	0.901	0.299	0.801	0.399	0.827	0.378	0.865	0.342	0.945	0.229	0.951	0.216	0.962	0.192	0.933	0.250
W_Wet	0.171	0.376	0.127	0.332	0.122	0.327	0.120	0.325	0.155	0.362	0.158	0.364	0.147	0.354	0.136	0.343
W_Snow	0.145	0.352	0.104	0.305	0.105	0.307	0.105	0.307	0.057	0.231	0.057	0.232	0.067	0.250	0.076	0.265
W_Iced	0.160	0.367	0.134	0.341	0.147	0.354	0.148	0.355	0.061	0.239	0.063	0.243	0.081	0.272	0.098	0.297
W_Others	0.049	0.215	0.044	0.206	0.045	0.207	0.050	0.217	0.019	0.136	0.025	0.157	0.031	0.174	0.031	0.173
D_light-on	0.320	0.466	0.287	0.452	0.309	0.462	0.356	0.479	0.180	0.384	0.193	0.395	0.208	0.406	0.199	0.399
D_light-off	0.103	0.304	0.186	0.389	0.158	0.365	0.110	0.313	0.026	0.160	0.027	0.161	0.035	0.184	0.039	0.193

W, dummy variables specifying road surface conditions, where dry surface is the reference group;
D, dummy variables identifying light conditions, where daylight is the reference group.

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