Table 1 Participants’ sociodemographic characteristics.

From: Associations between depression and nature-based recreation: A cross-sectional study of adults in the United States, Spain, and Brazil

Variable %

Survey version

English

Spanish

Portuguese-Brazil

Number of valid responses

606

438

448

Age

Mean = 23.7

Range = 18 to 61

Mean = 26.4

Range = 18 to 83

Mean = 32.7

Range = 18 to 70

18 to 39

96.7

89.0

77.0

 ≥ 40

3.3

11.0

23.0

Gender

-

-

-

Man

42.6

24.7

32.8

Women

54.5

73.7

66.1

Gender variant/Non-confirming

3.0

0.7

1.1

Not listed

0.0

0.9

0.0

Highest education

-

-

-

Secondary (High) school

50.8

32.8

30.4

Vocational school

1.8

11.2

3.8

College or University

27.6

34.9

33.9

Graduate (Master or equivalent)

18.6

14.4

22.1

Doctoral Degree

1.2

6.7

9.8

Family income

-

-

-

Well below average

9.6

4.1

5.8

Slightly below average

16.0

14.4

15.8

Average

30.9

57.8

48.2

Slightly above average

32.8

21.8

23.0

Well above average

10.7

1.8

7.1

Urbanicity

-

-

-

Urban

75.9

64.8

90,2

Rural

17.5

27.2

4,5

Not sure

6.6

8.0

5,4

Skin color

-

-

-

Whiter (2 or less in the NIS Skin Color Scale)

74.8

80.3

35.9

Darker (3 or more in the NIS Skin Color Scale)

25.2

19.7

64.1

Country participants were living

United States of America

99.7

0.2

0.4

Spain

0.0

98.9

0.0

Brazil

0.0

0.0

98.2

Other

0.3a

0.9b

1.3c

  1. aTwo participants were living in India when they filled in the English survey. bTwo participants were living in Italy, one in Madagascar, and one in France when they filled in to the Spanish survey. cTwo participants were living in Peru, one in France, one in Portugal, and one in the Equator when they filled in the Portuguese-Brazil survey.
Back to article page