Table 2 Landscape indices used in the study.

From: Coupling effect of landscape patterns on the spatial and temporal distribution of ecosystem services: a case study in Harbin City, Northeast China

Type

Landscape indices

Area-edge

Edge density (ED)

 

Largest patch index (LPI)

 

Total edge (TE)

 

Percentage of landscape (PLAND)

Shape

Landscape shape index (LSI)

 

Perimeter-area fractal represents dimension (PAFRAC)

Aggregation

Aggregation index (AI)

 

Contagion index (CONTAG)

 

Interspersion and juxtaposition index (IJI)

Subdivision

Number of patches (NP)

 

Patch density (PD)

 

Splitting index (SPLIT)

 

Landscape division index (DIVISION)

Diversity

Shannon’s diversity index (SHDI)

 

Shannon’s evenness index (SHEI)