Table 4 SPANs model conceptual framework localization.

From: Coupling process of carbon sink service flow based on metacoupling framework

SPANs concept

SPANs concept interpretation

SPANs model

Localization concept

Localization model

Ecosystem service flows

The spatial flow path of ecosystem services from supply to use.

Quantization and spatial mapping through SPANs model flow module.

CSSF from generation to consumption.

CSSF is the spatial and temporal connections of service flows from the supply area to the demand area, which are process descriptions of service flow paths.

“Source” area

Position of the supply service.

“Source” generates carrier agents for subsequent flow simulations.

CSS supply area location.

The supply level and location of CSS are calculated based on the empirical model.

“Use” area

Position of beneficiary.

Passing through the carrier results in a traffic loss and affects the supply services the user receives.

CSS demand area location.

Identify the demand and location of carbon sequestration services in conjunction with population distribution and energy consumption needs.

“Sink” area

Carrier region of the service delivery process.

Including beneficial and harmful vectors.

Potential demand area and potential supply area of CSSF.

Application and land use change and land use respiratory CE70 represent the loss of the CSSF process.

Mapping of flows

Overlap of source and use regions.

Calculated directly from the SPANs model.

In situ service flow.

Coupled SPANs-BBNs model simulates the probability distribution of supply and demand conditions for CSS.