Table 1 Variable definition and descriptive statistics.
Variable type | Variable name | Assignment and meaning | Average value | Standard deviation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Dependent variable | Willingness to transfer out | 1 if there is a desire to transfer out of the grassland, and 0 otherwise | 0.31 | 0.464 |
Core independent variables | Ethnic sentiment | Nomadic sentiment: factor analysis extraction | 0.00 | 1.00 |
Mutual aid sentiment: factor analysis extraction | 0.00 | 1.00 | ||
Social differentiation | Ratio of livestock income: 1 if non-herdsmen, 2 if part-time herdsmen, and 3 ifpure herdsmen | 1.81 | 0.652 | |
Livestock labour force ratio: actual measurements | 0.81 | 0.190 | ||
Control variables | Individual characteristic | Gender: 1 if male, and 0 otherwise | 0.77 | 0.419 |
Age: 1 if 20–40, 2 if 41–60, 3 if over 60 years old | 1.78 | 0.654 | ||
Ethnic group: 1 if minority herdsmen, and 0 otherwise | 0.92 | 0.268 | ||
Education: 1 if primary, 2 if junior high, 3 if senior high, and 4 if college and above | 2.01 | 0.865 | ||
Family characteristics | Health: 1 if you and your family get sick a lot, and 0 otherwise | 0.27 | 0.446 | |
Family background: 1 if the family has public officials at or above the village level, and 0 otherwise | 0.12 | 0.327 | ||
Water supply condition: 1 if very poor, 2 if poor, 3 if fair, 4 if good, and 5 if very good | 3.59 | 1.446 | ||
Power supply condition: 1 if very poor, 2 if poor, 3 if fair, 4 if good, and 5 if very good | 3.65 | 1.470 | ||
Production characteristics | Livestock assets: 1 if RMB 0- 10,000, 2 if RMB 10,100—20,000, 3 if RMB 20,100—50,000, and 4 if RMB 50,000 or more | 2.75 | 0.847 | |
Number of livestock1: 1 if 0–200, 2 if 201–500, and 3 if over 500 | 2.25 | 0.741 | ||
Livestock prospects: 1 if very poor, 2 if not good, 3 if fair, 4 if relatively happy, and 5 if very good | 4.28 | 0.744 |
