Table 3 Identification Scale of ethnic sentiment.

From: The effects of ethnic sentiment and social differentiation on pastoralists’ willingness to turn out of pasture

Dimension

Item meaning and assignment

Nomadic sentiment

Livestock nomadic production period: 1 if more than ten years, and 0 otherwise

1 if nomadic production has been carried out, and 0 otherwise

1 if you want your children to continue grazing, and 0 otherwise

Mutual aid sentiment

Is there a quarrel with neighbours due to cattle and sheep crossing the border? 1 if very frequent (once a week), 2 if less frequent (once a month), 3 if common (once a month), 4 if occasional (once a month), and 5 if no quarrel

Whether willing to cooperate with herders grazing, grass and other livestock production? 1 if very unwilling, 2 if unwilling, 3 if unclear, 4 if relatively willing, and 5 if very willing

If a disaster suddenly hits your neighbour’s pasture, will you let him graze on his own pasture? 1 if very unwilling, 2 if unwilling, 3 if unclear, 4 if relatively willing, and 5 if very willing

If your pasture is suddenly in disaster, do you think your neighbour would like to graze on his pasture? 1 if very unwilling, 2 if unwilling, 3 if unclear, 4 if relatively willing, and 5 if very willing