Table 3 Reduction in growth attributes of soybean to transient waterlogging under different climatic regimes.
Treatments | Plant height (cm) | Number of leaves pl–1 | Leaf area (cm2 pl–1) | Number of branches pl–1 | NDVI | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Summer | Rainy | Summer | Rainy | Summer | Rainy | Summer | Rainy | Summer | Rainy | ||
Seasons/climate (C) | |||||||||||
Summer (CS) | 3.13a | 5.30a | 73.31a | 1.44a | 0.12a | ||||||
Rainy (CR) | 1.70b | 3.11b | 67.48b | 0.72b | 0.08b | ||||||
S.Em. ± | 0.030 | 0.054 | 0.762 | 0.014 | 0.001 | ||||||
Stages of waterlogging (S) | |||||||||||
S15 | 0.33c | 0.85d | 0.49d | 0.27d | 13.42d | 11.96d | 0.0d | 0.0d | 0.03c | 0.05c | |
S30 | 3.20b | 2.08b | 3.08c | 1.20c | 39.92c | 79.15c | 0.8c | 0.7c | 0.13b | 0.10b | |
S45 | 5.61a | 2.78a | 5.32b | 3.93b | 103.39b | 93.23b | 2.2b | 0.7b | 0.17a | 0.14a | |
S60 | 3.38b | 1.10c | 12.33a | 7.05a | 113.20a | 108.93a | 2.8a | 1.5a | 0.13b | 0.05c | |
S.Em. ± | 0.08 | 0.03 | 0.13 | 0.08 | 1.52 | 1.57 | 0.45 | 0.02 | 0.002 | 0.002 | |
Durations of waterlogging (D) | |||||||||||
D2 | 1.63c | 1.08e | 2.97e | 1.79d | 30.23e | 27.53e | 1.0c | 0.5e | 0.08e | 0.04e | |
D4 | 1.86c | 1.37d | 3.97d | 2.67c | 51.53d | 46.57d | 1.5b | 0.6d | 0.10d | 0.06d | |
D6 | 3.38b | 1.69c | 5.50c | 3.46b | 72.87c | 79.86c | 1.5b | 0.7c | 0.12c | 0.09c | |
D8 | 3.62b | 1.95b | 6.53b | 3.50b | 87.68b | 96.89b | 1.5b | 0.7b | 0.13b | 0.11b | |
D10 | 5.16a | 2.43a | 7.55a | 4.14a | 95.12a | 115.72a | 1.7a | 1.1a | 0.15a | 0.13a | |
S.Em. ± | 0.09 | 0.04 | 0.15 | 0.09 | 1.70 | 1.75 | 1.69 | 0.02 | 0.002 | 0.002 | |
Interactions (S × D) | |||||||||||
S15D2 | 0.03k | 0.45mm | 0.00k | 0.0j | 3.35j | 3.32k | 0.0h | 0.0g | 0.01h | 0.02j | |
S15D4 | 0.10k | 0.48lm | 0.22k | 0.17ij | 7.01ij | 5.34k | 0.0h | 0.0g | 0.02gh | 0.03ij | |
S15D6 | 0.28k | 0.68l | 0.33jk | 0.17ij | 15.22hi | 11.89jk | 0.0h | 0.0g | 0.03fg | 0.05gh | |
S15D8 | 0.45jk | 1.08jk | 0.78i–k | 0.33h–j | 19.50h | 17.44ij | 0.0h | 0.0g | 0.04f. | 0.06fg | |
S15D10 | 0.80ij | 1.55h | 1.11ij | 0.67hi | 22.01h | 21.78ij | 0.0h | 0.0g | 0.06e | 0.07e | |
S30D2 | 1.23hi | 1.15ij | 0.78i–k | 0.50h–j | 15.79hi | 31.94i | 0.3g | 0.2f. | 0.07e | 0.05gh | |
S30D4 | 1.44gh | 1.92fg | 1.17ij | 0.83gh | 23.38h | 41.92h | 0.5g | 0.2f. | 0.10d | 0.09d | |
S30D6 | 3.29e | 2.18e | 2.89h | 1.33fg | 39.95g | 82.18f. | 0.5g | 0.5d | 0.13c | 0.10d | |
S30D8 | 4.00d | 2.45d | 4.56g | 1.33fg | 56.43f. | 112.11de | 1.0f. | 1.3b | 0.16b | 0.14c | |
S30D10 | 6.03c | 2.70c | 6.00f. | 2.00de | 64.07f. | 127.57b | 1.6e | 1.3b | 0.20a | 0.13c | |
S45D2 | 1.92g | 1.78g | 1.56i | 1.50ef | 41.33g | 29.98h | 1.6e | 0.3e | 0.14bc | 0.07ef | |
S45D4 | 2.53f. | 2.05ef | 3.06h | 2.33d | 80.38e | 72.24fg | 2.1d | 0.7c | 0.15bc | 0.09d | |
S45D6 | 6.61b | 2.82c | 5.67f. | 4.83c | 93.25d | 122.91bc | 2.6c | 0.7c | 0.19a | 0.14c | |
S45D8 | 6.67b | 3.07b | 7.33e | 4.83c | 129.72c | 127.37b | 2.2d | 0.1fg | 0.19a | 0.19b | |
S45D10 | 10.34a | 4.17a | 8.97d | 6.17b | 172.26a | 113.62cd | 2.6c | 1.5a | 0.19a | 0.24a | |
S60D2 | 3.34e | 0.92k | 9.56d | 5.17c | 60.44f. | 44.89h | 2.1d | 1.5a | 0.11d | 0.03ij | |
S60D4 | 3.38e | 1.03jk | 11.44c | 7.33a | 95.33d | 66.79g | 3.2a | 1.5a | 0.11d | 0.04hi | |
S60D6 | 3.36e | 1.07jk | 13.11b | 7.50a | 143.05b | 102.44e | 3.0b | 1.5a | 0.13c | 0.06fg | |
S60D8 | 3.36e | 1.20jk | 13.44ab | 7.50a | 145.06b | 130.63b | 2.9b | 1.5a | 0.14c | 0.06fg | |
S60D10 | 3.44e | 1.30i | 14.11a | 7.73a | 122.13c | 199.91a | 2.7c | 1.5a | 0.14c | 0.06fg | |
S.Em. ± | 0.17 | 0.07 | 0.29 | 0.18 | 3.40 | 3.50 | 1.01 | 0.04 | 0.005 | 0.004 | |