Table 4 Effects of Tithonia diversifolia Biochar on soil chemical properties (0–15 cm depth)

From: Influence of Tithonia diversifolia biochar on selected soil physicochemical properties, leaf nutrient concentrations and broccoli growth

Treatment

pH

(H2O)

OC

(%)

Total N

(%)

Avail. P

(mg kg− 1)

Exch. K

(cmol kg− 1)

Exch. Ca

(cmol kg− 1)

Exch. Mg

(cmol kg− 1)

0 t ha− 1 (control)

5.58e

0.89e

0.07e

3.73e

0.10e

1.42e

0.42e

10 t ha− 1 tithonia biochar

5.89d

1.07d

0.09d

4.58d

0.15d

1.65d

0.65d

20 t ha− 1 tithonia biochar

6.24c

1.35c

0.12c

6.45c

0.19c

1.93c

0.83c

30 t ha− 1 tithonia biochar

6.56b

1.63b

0.15b

8.32b

0.22b

2.16b

1.02b

40 t ha− 1 tithonia biochar

6.88a

2.04a

0.19a

10.23a

0.25a

2.47a

1.86a

  1. Means followed by the same letter on a column are not significantly different at p = 0.05 according to Duncan’s multiple range test (DMRT)
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