Table 3 FTIR band assignments of BZNNi glass series.

BZNNi0	BZNNi1	BZNNi2	BZNNi3	Band Assignments	Ref
557	557	560	560	Vibration of Na⁺ cations	^37,38
629	625	629	635	Bending vibration of B-O-B linkages present in BO₃ units and Ni–O–Ni linkages	^22,39
694	695	696	703		^22,39
776	789	793	794	Bridging oxygen bonds between BO₃ and [BO₄] units	^13,40
857				Di-borate linkage in B–O–B networks	³⁸
	880	882	881	Tri-borate, tetra-borate and penta- borate groups of B–O–B bending vibrations	^38,41
939	971	972	973	Di-borate vibrations in BO₄ units by B–O bonds	^42,43,44
1022	1061	1061	1061	B–O symmetric stretching of BO₄ units due to the presence of tri-borate, tetra-borate, and penta-borate groups
1099
	1156	1153	1157	B–O stretching vibrations in BO₃ units of pyroborate and orthoborate groups	^38,41
1218	1236	1236	1238		^38,41
1339	1314	1312	1316	Pyro-borate and ortho-borate groups containing BO^3- (NBOs) and various borate ring vibrations of B-O in BO₃ units splitting of the peaks	^40,45
	1392	1392	1393		^40,45
1454	1474	1474	1472	Asymmetric stretching modes of triangles formed from BO₃ units	⁴⁶

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