Table 1 Properties of ⁶³NiO utilized in COMSOL Multiphysics.

Dielectric constant

\(\varepsilon _\text {r}\)

10.7

Bandgap (eV)

\(E_\text {g}\)

3.8

Electron affinity (eV)

\(\chi\)

1.46

Effective density of states in the conduction band (\(\hbox {cm}^{-3}\))

\(N_\text {c}\)

\(2.8\times 10^{19}\)

Effective density of states in the valence band (\(\hbox {cm}^{-3}\))

\(N_\text {v}\)

\(1\times 10^{19}\)

Minority electron mobility (\(\hbox {cm}^2\cdot \hbox {V}^{-1}\cdot \hbox {s}^{-1}\))

\(\mu _\text {n}\)

12

Minority hole lifetime (s)

\(\tau _0\)

\(1\times 10^{-6}\)

Acceptor concentration (\(\hbox {cm}^{-3}\))

\(N_\text {a}\)

\(1\times 10^{16}\)