Fig. 4

Visual explanation of the data segmentation used. (a): Explanation of how the decision area is determined based on the building footprints located at an intersection (reprinted from³⁵; blue polygons: building footprints; hatched green polygon: decision area; dashed blue line: GPS trace; pink circle: decision point; red arrows: direction of travel figure (b): First the “matching-to-action” part(s) of the route are extracted, which range from the location at which a route instruction was requested [orange dot] to the junction it refers to [blue dot; example instruction: Turn left after the red house.]). Then, a non-overlapping 3-s sliding window is applied to these parts; black arrow: travel direction; black dots: non-turn junctions; dashed black line: route. Basemap for figure (a): OpenStreetMap⁴⁴; figure b created using Inkscape⁴⁹.