Table 5 Adsorption properties of hydrochars produced from microalgae relative to the investigated CECs.
From: Adsorption of organic contaminants of emerging concern using microalgae-derived hydrochars
Substance | HTC temperature (°C) | Models of adsorption | ΔG0 (kJ mol−1) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Langmuir | Freundlich | |||||||
qmax (mg g−1) | KL, (L g−1) | R2 | KF (L mg−1) | n | R2 | |||
Caffeine | 180 | 2.5 | 0.04 | 0.94 | 0.5 | 3.0 | 0.86 | − 15.6 |
220 | 1.9 | 0.03 | 0.94 | 0.2 | 2.1 | 0.94 | − 14.7 | |
260 | na | na | na | na | na | na | na | |
Trimethoprim | 180 | 6.6 | 0.10 | 0.94 | 2.2 | 4.4 | 0.94 | − 21.4 |
220 | 4.4 | 0.19 | 0.90 | 2.2 | 6.9 | 0.75 | − 21.9 | |
260 | 3.1 | 0.07 | 0.90 | 0.9 | 4.29 | 0.75 | − 15.8 | |
Chloramphenicol | 180 | 2.5 | 0.01 | 0.94 | 0.04 | 1.3 | 0.95 | − 13.6 |
220 | na | na | na | na | na | na | na | |
260 | na | na | na | na | na | na | na | |
Carbamazepine | 180 | 7.8 | 0.01 | 0.96 | 0.18 | 1.4 | 0.96 | − 16.5 |
220 | na | na | na | na | na | na | na | |
260 | na | na | na | na | na | na | na | |
Bisphenol A | 180 | 25.9 | 0.09 | 0.96 | 5.4 | 2.9 | 0.97 | − 24.4 |
220 | 9.7 | 0.08 | 0.87 | 2.3 | 3.3 | 0.91 | − 20.6 | |
260 | 7.7 | 0.08 | 0.91 | 2.0 | 3.6 | 0.83 | − 18.3 | |
Diclofenac | 180 | na | na | na | na | na | na | na |
220 | na | na | na | na | na | na | na | |
260 | na | na | na | na | na | na | na | |
Triclosan | 180 | 58.8 | 1.18 | 0.99 | 35.4 | 5.1 | 0.94 | − 32.7 |
220 | 45.6 | 1.08 | 0.91 | 24.5 | 4.4 | 0.98 | − 30.8 | |
260 | 37.1 | 0.74 | 0.88 | 15.4 | 3.0 | 0.98 | − 27.5 | |
