Fig. 1
Representative schematic of the Virtual Reality-Based Binocular Single Visual Field (VR-BSVF) testing paradigm. The VR-BSVF setup includes two distinct test planes, located at 0.33 m and 5 m from the subject’s ocular axis, respectively. Participants are instructed to fixate on virtual targets. Using a VR controller, participants can manipulate the test target along these coordinates and move it towards the periphery of the test plane. Diplopia occurs when the green ball turns into two unmerged images; at this point, participants stop moving the test target. The location where the test target is then indicates the critical point for binocular single vision. After completing all twelve critical points for diplopia detection, the assessment of binocular single vision is complete. The area formed by these twelve critical points represents the binocular single visual field (BSVF/VR-BSVF). Specifically, the maximum BSVF area at a distance of 0.33 m from the participant’s eye axis is approximately 21.3 square meters, while at 5 m, it reaches about 95.5 square meters.
