Table 1 Association of loneliness and sleep disorders with depressive symptoms.

From: The mediating effects of sleep quality in the relationship between loneliness and depression among middle-aged and older adults

Variables

Model

Depressive symptom

OR (95%CI)

P

Loneliness

Model1

6.952 (4.985–9.695)

 < 0.001

Model2

6.983 (4.956–9.837)

 < 0.001

Model3

6.714 (4.715–9.562)

 < 0.001

Model4

7.161 (4.889–10.490)

 < 0.001

Sleep quality

Model1

5.344 (3.867–7.385)

 < 0.001

Model2

4.778 (3.440–6.636)

 < 0.001

Model3

4.610 (3.294–6.453)

 < 0.001

Model4

4.777 (3.301–6.913)

 < 0.001

  1. Notes:
  2. Model 1: Unadjusted model.
  3. Model 2: Adjusted for age (continuous variable) and gender.
  4. Model 3: Adjusted for education level, occupation, marital status, living situation, average monthly household income, hospitalization history, hypertension, diabetes, and coronary heart disease, in addition to the covariates in Model 2.
  5. Model 4: Adjusted for sleep disorders or loneliness, in addition to the covariates in Model 3.
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