Table 1 Quantitative results of different models for image reflection removal on five datasets in terms of PSNR and SSIM.

Method	Real20¹¹		Nature¹⁴		\(\hbox {SIR}^2\)⁵³		UHR4K-Syn²⁷		UHR4K-Real²⁷
	(1106\(\times\)902)		(600\(\times\)400)		(540\(\times\)400)		(3860\(\times\)2140)		(3860\(\times\)2140)
	PSNR	SSIM	PSNR	SSIM	PSNR	SSIM	PSNR	SSIM	PSNR	SSIM
RmNet¹²	19.47	0.748	19.07	0.755	20.74	0.836	17.05	0.829	20.86	0.808
ERRNet²	18.87	0.735	20.79	0.796	22.60	0.856	17.54	0.818	21.69	0.819
IBCLN¹⁴	19.99	0.759	23.57	0.783	22.68	0.860	20.66	0.879	22.59	0.824
CFDNet⁵⁸	18.90	0.706	23.79	0.811	23.89	0.884	16.99	0.785	20.84	0.773
Zou et al.³	19.76	0.752	22.34	0.803	23.52	0.877	18.89	0.841	20.57	0.799
DMGN¹⁵	19.26	0.745	23.23	0.839	23.41	0.875	20.10	0.865	22.91	0.833
MPRNet²⁶	21.37	0.781	23.42	0.848	23.82	0.880	21.26	0.888	22.71	0.821
LAS⁴⁴	22.09	0.786	23.45	0.810	24.25	0.900	22.70	0.885	21.94	0.828
YTMT⁵⁹	20.30	0.735	23.85	0.810	24.08	0.894	19.23	0.850	20.22	0.733
Zheng et al.²²	20.61	0.756	22.59	0.782	22.46	0.868	23.57	0.886	20.08	0.712
Restormer⁶⁰	21.89	0.778	23.98	0.852	24.25	0.889	23.07	0.882	22.77	0.822
V-DESIRR⁶¹	22.94	0.801	23.83	0.808	26.49	0.902	23.82	0.890	22.65	0.825
GLSGN²⁷	22.20	0.790	24.27	0.856	24.11	0.903	25.96	0.911	24.35	0.841
DSRNet⁶²	22.32	0.806	22.26	0.801	25.70	0.919	22.96	0.871	23.23	0.816
LGIRS⁶³	22.47	0.809	23.87	0.812	25.86	0.921	23.87	0.889	22.57	0.804
CAT (ours)	22.32	0.794	24.31	0.856	24.29	0.899	23.69	0.891	22.86	0.818
LapCAT (ours)	23.01	0.809	23.95	0.849	24.16	0.897	26.32	0.924	25.18	0.866

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