Table 2 Output of linear mixed models conducted on honey bee enzyme activity parameters in response to pesticide, diet, and pesticide*diet fixed model effects. Asterisks denote a significant effect at p < 0.05. Significant values are in bold.
Variable | Period | Factor | DF | F ratio | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GST | 14 | Pesticide | 2 | 0.82 | 0.44 |
Diet | 4 | 20.6 | < 0.001* | ||
Pesticide*Diet | 8 | 0.52 | 0.84 | ||
End | Pesticide | 2 | 0.21 | 0.81 | |
Diet | 4 | 9.6 | < 0.001* | ||
Pesticide*Diet | 8 | 0.81 | 0.59 | ||
EST | 14 | Pesticide | 2 | 0.4 | 0.67 |
Diet | 4 | 37.3 | < 0.001* | ||
Pesticide*Diet | 8 | 1.19 | 0.31 | ||
End | Pesticide | 2 | 0.6 | 0.55 | |
Diet | 4 | 36.2 | < 0.001* | ||
Pesticide*Diet | 8 | 1.0 | 0.45 | ||
INV | 14 | Pesticide | 2 | 0.75 | 0.48 |
Diet | 4 | 16 | < 0.001* | ||
Pesticide*Diet | 8 | 0.45 | 0.88 | ||
End | Pesticide | 2 | 0.06 | 0.94 | |
Diet | 4 | 28.1 | < 0.001* | ||
Pesticide*Diet | 8 | 0.79 | 0.62 | ||
AChE | 14 | Pesticide | 2 | 0.19 | 0.83 |
Diet | 4 | 11.8 | < 0.001* | ||
Pesticide*Diet | 8 | 0.71 | 0.68 | ||
End | Pesticide | 2 | 0.81 | 0.45 | |
Diet | 4 | 44.9 | < 0.001* | ||
Pesticide*Diet | 8 | 1.0 | 0.44 | ||
PO | 14 | Pesticide | 2 | 0.39 | 0.68 |
Diet | 4 | 8.42 | < 0.001* | ||
Pesticide*Diet | 8 | 1.15 | 0.34 | ||
End | Pesticide | 2 | 0.82 | 0.44 | |
Diet | 4 | 8.7 | < 0.001* | ||
Pesticide*Diet | 8 | 0.56 | 0.81 |
