Fig. 10 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 10

From: The evolution of the 2022–2024 eruption at Home Reef, Tonga, analyzed from space shows vent migration due to erosion

Fig. 10

Estimates of the subaerial lava volume. 2022 volume calculation obtained by combining VHR satellite area measurements (blue triangles) (cf. Figures 3) with height information from TGS. Volume estimates of the TGS (yellow squares). Best fit of the MODIS & VIIRS thermal data-based estimates of the lava volume when compared to the VHR based estimates (red diamonds). Volume estimates based on thermal MODIS and VIIRS data assuming same lava composition as for the first eruption: 2023 (black diamonds), January 2024 (black triangle), June-September 2024 (black open square). To improve readability, error bars are shown for the first eruption phase only. The same magnitude of uncertainty is true for the volume estimates of the other eruption phases.

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