Fig. 1
From: Magnetic hyperthermia therapy enhances the chemoradiosensitivity of glioblastoma
Hyperthermia enhances TMZ and IR antitumor effects leading to decreased tumor cell viability and increased apoptosis. CellTiter GLO viability assay of SD3 (A), G-16,302 (B), and GL261 (C) was performed following treatment with water bath HT, TMZ, and/or IR and normalized to untreated controls. A clonogenic survival assay of GL261 cells (D) was performed following the same treatment conditions. In all instances, the addition of HT to TMZ and/or IR decreased viability by a greater extent than IR or TMZ monotherapy (**** P < 0.0001, one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparisons test). Three separate trials were performed per experiment, and for each experiment six technical replicates were used per group. Apoptosis of GBM cell lines after 4–24 h of HT, TMZ + IR or HT + TMZ + IR treatment determined by AnnexinV/Propidium iodide staining and Flow Cytometry analysis on SD3 (E, F) and GL261 (G, H) cell lines. Apoptosis values of the treated cells were normalized to the baseline of untreated cell values (CT). Results are expressed as mean values ± SEM. Statistical significance was determined using one-way ANOVA test with Tukey’s multiple comparisons adjustment : p < 0.0001 ****, p = 0.0001 ***; p < 0.001 **, p < 0.01*.
