Table 1 The study participants’ characteristics in NHANES (2013–2020.3).

From: The interpretable machine learning model for depression associated with heavy metals via EMR mining method

Characteristics

Total

(n = 19368)

With

Depression

(n = 555)

Without

Depression

(n = 18813)

P

Gender: Percentage (%)

< 0.001*

Men

9397(48.52%)

1299(49.02%)

8098(48.44%)

Age: Median (IQR)

57(33, 69)

55(42, 66)

57(33, 69)

0.008*

BMI, kg/m2 : Median (IQR)

28.4

(23.8, 33.6)

31.4

(26.3, 35.65)

28.4

(23.8, 33.5)

< 0.001*

Race/Hispanic: Percentage (%)

< 0.001*

Mexican American

2605(13.45%)

47(8.47%)

2558(13.6%)

Other Hispanic

1888(9.75%)

58(10.45%)

1830(9.73%)

Non-Hispanic White

7777(40.15%)

316(56.94%)

7461(39.66%)

Non-Hispanic Black

4502(23.24%)

90(16.22%)

4412(23.45%)

Non-Hispanic Asian

1673(8.64%)

15(2.7%)

1658(8.81%)

Other Race

923(4.77%)

29(5.23%)

894(4.75%)

Education level: Percentage (%)

0.903

College or above

11,603(59.91%)

339(61.08%)

11,264(59.87%)

High school or equivalent

4027(20.79%)

122(21.98%)

3905(20.76%)

Less than high school

3738(19.3%)

94(16.94%)

3644(19.37%)

PIR: Percentage (%)

0.786

High

3826(19.75%)

94(16.94%)

3732(19.84%)

Medium

11,368(58.69%)

332(59.82%)

11,036(58.66%)

Low

4174(21.55%)

129(23.24%)

4045(21.5%)

  1. BMI: body mass index; PIR: poverty to income ratio; *: P < 0.05.