Table 1 Baseline characteristics and outcomes of patients with sepsis-associated acute kidney injury stratified by Ln (PIV).
Characteristics | Total (N = 4369) | ln (PIV) ≤ 6.72 (N = 2221) | ln (PIV) > 6.72 (N = 2148) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographic | ||||
Age, years | 65.2(16.1) | 63.9(15.9) | 66.4(16.1) | 0.649 |
Sex (male, n) | 2489(57.0) | 1271(57.2) | 1218(56.7) | 0.727 |
Ethnicity (white, n) | 2847(65.2) | 1430(64.4) | 1417(66.0) | 0.272 |
Weight | 84.9(25.3) | 84.8(23.7) | 85.0(26.9) | < 0.0001 |
Comorbidities | ||||
Myocardial infarction | 672(15.4) | 329(14.8) | 343(15.9) | 0.290 |
Congestive heart failure | 1072(24.5) | 488(22.0) | 584(27.2) | < 0.0001 |
Chronic pulmonary disease | 1068(24.4) | 490(22.1) | 578(26.9) | < 0.0001 |
Diabetes | 1151(26.3) | 592(26.6) | 559(26.0) | 0.636 |
Cerebrovascular disease | 659(15.1) | 312(14.0) | 347(16.2) | 0.052 |
Severity scores | ||||
Charlson comorbidity index | 5(3–6) | 5(3–6) | 5(4–7) | 0.0002 |
First day of SOFA | 7(4–10) | 7(5–10) | 7(4–10) | 0.0945 |
SAPSII | 39(32–49) | 38(31–48) | 40(33–50) | 0.0001 |
Vital signs | ||||
SBP, mmHg | 11.6(103.9–122.0) | 111.4(103.9-121.2) | 111.8(104.0-123.0) | 0.2971 |
DBP, mmHg | 61.2(55.6–68.2) | 60.9 (55.5–67.7) | 61.5(55.8–68.6) | 0.1007 |
MBP, mmHg | 75.8(70.7–82.6) | 75.6(70.5–82.4) | 75.9(71.1–83.0) | 0.0913 |
Heart rate, beats/min | 86.4(76.1–99.0) | 84.9(75.3–97.9) | 87.7(76.7-100.5) | 0.0002 |
Respiratory rate, beats/min | 19.5(17.2–22.6) | 19.0(16.8–22.2) | 19.9(17.6–23.0) | 0.0001 |
Temperature, °C | 36.9(36.7–37.3) | 36.9(36.7–37.2) | 36.9(36.7–37.3) | 0.0197 |
SpO2, % | 97.2(95.7–98.6) | 97.4(95.9–98.7) | 97.1(95.5–98.5) | 0.0001 |
Laboratory parameters | ||||
WBC, cell/mm3 | 12.6(9.2–16.8) | 10.9(8.0-14.8) | 14.2(10.8–18.6) | 0.0001 |
Haemoglobin, mg/dL | 10.5(9.0-12.2) | 10.5(9.0–12.0) | 10.6(9.1–12.3) | 0.0701 |
Anion gap, mEq/L | 15.0(12.5–17.5) | 14.5(12.0–17.0) | 15.0(13.0-17.5) | 0.0001 |
Bicarbonate, mEq/L | 22.0(19.5–24.5) | 22.0(19.5–24.5) | 22.0(19.5–24.5) | 0.9534 |
Chloride, mEq/L | 104.0(100.0-107.0) | 104.5(101.0-107.5) | 103.0(99.0-106.5) | 0.0001 |
Sodium, mEq/L | 138.5(136.0-141.0) | 139(136.0-141.5) | 138.5(135.5–141.0) | 0.0001 |
Potassium, mEq/L | 4.2(3.85–4.6) | 4.2(3.85–4.55) | 4.2(3.9–4.65) | 0.0066 |
Calcium, mg/dL | 8.3(7.8–8.7) | 8.3(7.8–8.7) | 8.3(7.9–8.7) | 0.1634 |
Creatinine, mg/dL | 1.0(0.75–1.4) | 0.95(0.75–1.35) | 1.0(0.75–1.45) | 0.0229 |
BUN, mg/dL | 19.0(13.5–30) | 18.0(13.0–28.0) | 20.5(14.0–32.0) | 0.0001 |
PT, sec | 14.4(12.7–17.0) | 14.4(12.8–17.1) | 14.4(12.7–16.9) | 0.2052 |
Glucose, mg/dL | 134(113.7-164.3) | 132.2(113.5-162.2) | 135.0(114.0-166.3) | 0.0573 |
Albumin, g/dL | 3.4(2.8–3.9) | 3.5(2.9-4.0) | 3.3(2.7–3.7) | 0.0001 |
Outcome | ||||
RRT | 311(7.1) | 155(7.0) | 156(7.3) | 0.715 |
Invasive ventilation | 1584(36.3) | 779(35.1) | 805(37.5) | 0.099 |
Septic shock | 2637(60.4) | 1326(59.7) | 1311(61.0) | 0.369 |
LOS ICU | 5.1(3.1–9.6) | 4.8(3.0-8.9) | 5.6(3.4–10.3) | 0.0001 |
LOS hospital | 11.7(7.1–19.8) | 11.1(6.8–19.2) | 12.3(7.6–20.3) | 0.0008 |
28-day mortality | 888(20.3) | 360(16.2) | 528(24.9) | < 0.0001 |
90-day mortality | 1137(26.0) | 464(20.9) | 673(31.3) | < 0.0001 |
