Table 2 Definition of parameters in CSTH system19,20.
Parameter | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
\(\varvec{\rho}\) (tank fluid density) | 1200 | kg/m3 |
\({\varvec{\rho}_{\varvec{c}}}\) (heating fluid density) | 800 | kg/m3 |
\({\varvec{D}}\) (tank diameter) | 0.3 | m |
\({\varvec{A}}\) (tank inside section area) | 0.0225 × π | m2 |
\({{\varvec{A}}_{\varvec{c}}}\) (jacket heat transfer area) | 0.2025 × π | m2 |
\({{\varvec{C}}_{\varvec{p}}}\) (tank fluid heat capacity) | 4190 | J/(kg°C) |
\({{\varvec{C}}_{{\varvec{p}}{\varvec{c}}}}\) (heating fluid heat capacity) | 2400 | J/(kg°C) |
\({\varvec{g}}\) (gravity constant) | 9.8 | m/s2 |
\({{\varvec{K}}_{\varvec{L}}}\) (level transmitter gain) | 125 | %m |
\({{\varvec{K}}_{\varvec{T}}}\) (temperature transmitter gain) | 2 | %/°C |
\({{\varvec{K}}_{{\varvec{v}}{\varvec{L}}}}\) (level control valve constant) | 0.000015 | - |
\({{\varvec{K}}_{{\varvec{v}}{\varvec{T}}}}\) (temperature control valve constant) | 0.000003 | - |
\({{\varvec{K}}_{{\varvec{x}}{\varvec{L}}}}\) (level control valve stem constant) | 0.01 | % |
\({{\varvec{K}}_{{\varvec{x}}{\varvec{T}}}}\) (temperature control valve stem constant) | 0.01 | % |
\({{\varvec{Q}}_{\varvec{i}}}\) (normal tank inlet fluid flow rate) | 0.0007 | m3/s |
\({{\varvec{T}}_{\varvec{i}}}\) (fluid inlet temperature) | 24 | °C |
\({{\varvec{T}}_{{\varvec{c}}{\varvec{i}}}}\) (heating fluid inlet temperature) | 320 | °C |
\({{\varvec{T}}_{{\varvec{s}}{\varvec{p}}}}\) (temperature controller set-point) | 38 | °C |
\({{\varvec{T}}_{\varvec{L}}}\) (level transmitter time constant) | 2 | s |
\({{\varvec{T}}_{\varvec{T}}}\) (temperature transmitter time constant) | 15 | s |
\({{\varvec{T}}_{{\varvec{v}}{\varvec{L}}}}\) (level control valve time constant) | 3 | s |
\({{\varvec{T}}_{{\varvec{v}}{\varvec{T}}}}\) (temperature control valve time constant) | 5 | s |
\({{\varvec{P}}_{{\varvec{c}}{\varvec{p}}}}\) (heating fluid pump discharge pressure) | 414 | kPa |
\({{\varvec{P}}_{{\varvec{c}}{\varvec{r}}}}\) (heating fluid system return pressure) | 138 | kPa |
\({{\varvec{R}}_{\varvec{c}}}\) (heating system pipe nominal flow resistance) | 55 × 106 | kPa/(m3/s)2 |
\({{\varvec{R}}_{{\varvec{v}}{\varvec{T}}}}\) (temperature control valve rangeability) | 50 | - |
\({\varvec{U}}\) (overall heat-transfer coefficient) | 440 | J/(°Csm2) |
\({{\varvec{V}}_{\varvec{c}}}\) (heat jacket volume) | 0.0044 × π | m3 |
\({{\varvec{W}}_{\varvec{c}}}\) (heating jacket wide) | 0.02 | m |
\({{\varvec{H}}_{\varvec{c}}}\) (heating jacket height) | 0.6 | m |
\({{\varvec{H}}_{\varvec{t}}}\) (tank wall height) | 0.9 | m |
\({{\varvec{H}}_{{\varvec{s}}{\varvec{p}}}}\) (level controller set-point) | 0.7 | m |
