Table 11 Comparison of RCOA statistical results with literature for the welded beam design problem.

From: A novel reindeer cyclone optimization algorithm (RCOA)

Algorithm

Average

Standard deviation

Function evaluation

RCOA

1.496178

0.024203

10870

WOA

1.7320

0.0226

9900

PSO

1.7422

0.01275

13770

GSA

1.8799

1.2874

10750

COA

1.9989

0.9772

12230