Table 12 Comparison of RCOA optimization results with WOA and GSA for Optimum variables (h, l, t, b) for the welded beam design problem.

From: A novel reindeer cyclone optimization algorithm (RCOA)

Function

Optimum variables (h, l, t, b)

Optimum weight

h

l

t

b

RCOA

0.284251

2.089974

9.999986

0.168001

1.496178

WOA

0.205396

3.484293

9.037426

0.206276

1.730499

PSO

0.20573

3.47049

9.03662

0.20632

1.742211

GSA

0.182129

3.856979

10.00000

0.202376

1.879952

COA

0.215722

4.731319

9.182111

0.212215

1.998963