Table 13 Comparison of WOA optimization results with literature for the pressure vessel design problem.

From: A novel reindeer cyclone optimization algorithm (RCOA)

Algorithm

\(T_s\)

\(T_h\)

R

L

Optimum cost

RCOA

0.8125

0.4375

42.0974

176.6541

6059.95

WOA

0.8125

0.4375

42.0981

176.6405

6059.75

GSA

1.1250

0.6250

55.98865

84.45420

8538.84

PSO

0.8125

0.4375

42.0913

176.7465

6061.08

COA

0.9833

0.4758

49.9297

98.9036

6390.00