Fig. 19

Assembly of textile elements for the generation of more complex devices across single-layered architectures organized into a self-folding box-like form (A), and multi-layered architectures organized into a programmable grid-like array of individually addressable elements (B). For A, each square face of the box measures ca. 4 × 4 cm, and for B, the diameter of each circular feature is ca. 3 cm, and when actuated, exhibits a vertical displacement of ca. 2 cm.