Table 2 Clinical analysis of high versus normal GDF15 levels in PCOS patients.

From: The association between serum growth differentiation factor 15 and insulin resistance in women diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome

Parameters

Normal GDF15 group (n = 116)

High GDF15 group (n = 117)

P value

Clinical materials

Age(years)

25(20,28)

24(20,27)

0.212

BMI(kg/m2)

22.44(20.20,25.69)

25.53(22.49,28.01)

 < 0.001

Family members with diabetes(n, %)

12.07%

23.08%

0.027

Family members with hypertension(n, %)

19.83%

25.64%

0.290

Laboratory variables

TG(mmol/L)

1.23(1.11,1.49)

1.43(1.17,1.82)

0.001

TC(mmol/L)

4.29(3.71,4.82)

4.26(3.88,4.67)

0.774

HDL-C(mmol/L)

1.33(1.14,1.55)

1.22(1.02,1.44)

0.007

LDL-C(mmol/L)

2.62(2.07,3.11)

2.60(2.08,3.13)

0.762

non-HDL-C(mmol/L)

2.94(2.38,3.49)

3.00(2.56,3.53)

0.322

ALT(U/L)

12(9,17)

13(10,17)

0.291

AST(U/L)

18(15,20)

18(15,21)

0.660

FPG(mmol/L)

4.92(4.63,5.30)

5.13(4.80,5.58)

0.006

Fins(μU/mL)

11.9(8.4,20.15)

16.4(10.41,24.6)

0.004

HOMA-IR

2.49(1.82,4.73)

3.66(2.17,5.99)

0.003

QUICKI

0.33(0.30,0.35)

0.32(0.30,0.34)

0.003

FSH(mIU/ml)

5.39(4.17,6.55)

4.97(4.47,6.36)

0.681

LH(mIU/ml)

10.81(6.60,14.43)

10.61(7.82,13.46)

0.664

LH/FSH

1.96(1.52,2.39)

2.02(1.66,2.40)

0.455

PRL(ng/ml)

13.83(10.74,18.27)

11.94(9.21,15.27)

0.008

E2(pg/ml)

42.97(36.92,66.69)

42.88(38.01,64.50)

0.591

TST(ng/dl)

55.01(42.60,70.80)

64.63(52.78,71.58)

0.029

  1. Data were presented as percentages (%) for categorical variables and mean ± SD or median (interquartile range) for continuous variables. Calculation formulation: HOMA-IR = (Fins(μU/ml) × FPG(mmol/L))/22.5; QUICKI = 1/(log(Fins(μU/ml)) + log(FPG(mg/dL))).
  2. BMI, body mass index; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; HDL-c, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-c, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; FSH, follicle stimulating-hormone; LH, luteinizing hormone; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; Fins, fasting insulin; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment–insulin resistance; QUICKI, quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index; E2, Estradiol; TST, Testosterone.
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