Table 3 Shear strengths of various contact interfaces.

SS

\(\,{\raise0.5ex\hbox{$\scriptstyle \varphi $} \kern-0.1em/\kern-0.15em \lower0.25ex\hbox{$\scriptstyle {\left( ^\circ \right)}$}}\)

28

22.9

20.7

15.7

c/kpa

30.78

37.50

34.61

25.11

τ/kpa

83.84

79.804

72.31

53.2

SRB

φ/(°)

37.5

34.6

33.5

27.1

c/kpa

13.46

14.5

12.5

9.615

τ/kpa

90

82.11

78.65

60.767

SSB

\(\,{\raise0.5ex\hbox{$\scriptstyle \varphi $} \kern-0.1em/\kern-0.15em \lower0.25ex\hbox{$\scriptstyle {\left( ^\circ \right)}$}}\)

32.2°

29.23

24.68

18.4

c/kpa

5.77

6.73

5.69

4.81

τ/kpa

68.65

62.689

54.04

38.078