Fig. 6 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 6

From: Disparate co-evolution and prevalence of sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine resistance alleles and haplotypes at dhfr and dhps genes across Africa

Fig. 6

Reliability of single mutation markers of haplotypes. Success rate of suggested markers to genotype for the triple, quintuple and sextuple multi-mutant haplotypes in all African countries where n > 15. Triple = dhfr C59R for dhfr C59R/N51I/S108N. Quintuple = dhfr C59R and dhps K540E for dhfr C59R/N51I/S108N, dhps A437G/K540E. Sextuple = dhps A581G for dhfr N51I/C59R/S108N, dhps A437G/ K540E/A581G. Bars are coloured according to major subpopulation (AF-W = west Africa, AF-C = central Africa, AF-NE = northeast Africa, AF-E = east Africa). Error bars represent 95% confidence intervals calculated as 1.96 x the standard error.

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