Table 2 Overview of the tussocks characteristics forming specific microtopography of the non-forested freshwater wetland ecosystems.
From: Plant species as ecological engineers of microtopography in a temperate sedge-grass marsh
Species | Wetland | Location | Tussock characteristics | References | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Height [cm] | Diameter or size [cm] | Density [m−2] | ||||
Carex acuta | Sedge-grass marsh | Europe, Czechia | 22.9–34.8 | 23.3–32.0* | 2–2.7 | This study |
Carex meyeriana | Tussock meadow Sihe Marsh | China, Shandong | 24.6 ± 1.1 | 26.7 ± 1.3 | NA | |
Carex appendiculata | riparian zone Songhua River | China, Sun Island Harbin | 16.5–35.7 | 22.0–39.7 | 2–3 | |
Carex sp. Phalaris sp. | Carex meadows | USA, Wisconsin Madison | 11.4–17.2 12.8 ± 0.01 | NA | NA | |
Carex stricta | Tussock (wet) meadows | USA, Wisconsin | 10–20 | 30.9–50.5* | NA | |
Tussock marsh | USA, Maine | NA | 40.1 ± 1.67 | NA | ||
Tussock sedge Mesocosm experiment | USA, Wisconsin | 10–17 | 5.3–9.2** | 4.9 ± 0.1 | ||
Carex stricta C. lacustric Phalaris arundinacea | Pond, tussock wetland | USA, Wisconsin | 10–40 | NA | NA | |
Carex bigelowii Eriophorum sp. | Tundra, lake Nyagamya | Russia, Siberia | 10–30 | 30–50 | 1.7–2.5 | |
Carex schmidtii C. appendiculata | Alluvial plain | China, Songnen & Sanjiang Plain | 25.1–25.5 | 29.8–30.4 | 1.6–1.9 | |
Carex schmidtii | Tussock wetland | China, Songnen plain | 24 ± 2 | NA | NA | |
Sphagnum sp. Schoenus nigricans | Floating fen | Europe, Ireland | 15–30 | NA | NA | |
Sphagnum sp. | Howland Bog Caribou Bog | USA, Maine | 43.3 ± 11.5 28.9 ± 9.0 | 300 × 210 | 1—2 | |
Sphagnum sp. Calluna vulgaris, Eriophorum vaginatum | Raised Bog | Sweden, Aneboda, Småland | 20–30 | NA | NA | |
